从拒斥到共在：创伤母亲与ADHD儿童关系重建的亲子沙盘治疗个案研究

田绍艳, 黄美琳, 石英, 王琴, 徐磊, 严雨, 牟小丽, 王学娇

Abstract

本文采用个案研究法，研究亲子沙盘治疗对注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿的亲子关系和核心症状的治疗效果，以及母体创伤在亲子沙盘治疗中疗愈的可能性。通过多项专项测量量表，前测后测，评估亲子及社交关系、养育难度、症状变化等。结果显示，在亲子沙盘治疗提供的安全、涵容、接纳、允许的治愈空间中，来访者能够通过将非言语语言与言语结合，重新体验母子一体性，开展反思并建立新的关系模式，初步建立个体边界，调整分化进程。治疗后，患儿多动症状有明显改善，母体的自主性方面亦有明显变化。

Keywords

ADHD亲子沙盘治疗创伤亲子关系

References

  1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM5TR)[M]. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, 2022.
  2. Thomas R, Sanders S, Doust J, et al.Prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Pediatrics, 2015, 135(4): e994-e1001.
  3. Ayano G, Demelash S, Gizachew Y, et al.The global prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: An umbrella review of meta-analyses[J]. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2023(339): 860866.
  4. Wang T, Liu K, Li Z, et al.Prevalence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents in China: a systematic review and metaanalysis[J]. BMC Psychiatry, 2017, 17(1): 32.
  5. Huo Y, Bao Y P, Scheurer R W, et al. Childhoodonset mental disorders in six regions of China: a systematic review and metaanalysis of the prevalence and data coverage of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and autism spectrum disorders[J]. The Lancet, 2019, 394(1): S31.
  6. Gao L, Yang P, Hu B, et al.Comparative analysis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in China and worldwide based on the Global Burden of Disease study[J]. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2025, 16: 1551672.
  7. Davidsson M, Ringström F, Hagberg B. Adverse childhood experiences in children with neurodevelopmental disorders and their parents[J]. Nord J Psychiatry. 2025, 79(3):185-193.
  8. Lee Y J, Kim J. Effect of Maternal Anxiety on Parenting Stress of Fathers of Children With ADHD[J]. J Korean Med Sci. 2022, 37(11):e89.
  9. 刘钊,叶蓓.家庭沙盘游戏结合治疗性沟通对注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的干预效果观察[J].国际医药卫生导报,2019,25(14): 2314-2317.
  10. 张玉沛,郭本禹.鲍尔比的依恋理论及其临床应用[J].南京晓庄学院学报，2012,1(1): 66-70.