5G智慧工地融合调度模型

张江波

Abstract

针对智慧工地中数据分散、信息孤岛、实时感知不足、风险预警滞后以及资源调度粗放等问题，本研究提出了一种基于5G-IoT的多源异构数据融合与实时调度模型。系统采用“感知层—网络层—平台层—应用层”四层架构，融合环境传感、视频监控、BIM、人员定位、设备状态和物料追踪等多源数据，并依托5G与边缘计算实现低时延传输和近端分析。在模型层面，构建数据层、特征层和决策层三级融合框架，引入多模态关联分析、时空关系建模和知识图谱表示，提升复杂施工场景下的信息整合与语义推理能力。在调度层面，建立兼顾工期、成本与安全风险的多目标优化模型，并结合深度强化学习实现动态自适应调度。试点结果表明，该模型能够提升现场管理效率、资源利用率和安全预警能力，对智慧工地系统集成和精细化管理具有较强工程价值。

Keywords

5G-IoT智慧工地数据融合实时调度数字孪生

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